What happens when someone falls into a black hole?
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Hope each and every one have used a vacuum cleaner. When you watch closely how the vacuum cleaner works, it sucks in all dirt. Just like the vacuum cleaner, a black hole is something that pulls in all the outer space debris, just like cleaning.
How is a black hole formed?
A black hole is basically a Star which loses its fuel over the period and the hydrogen layers on the dead star compresses and shrinks the star tinier than an atom. Though a vacuum cleaner uses electric power, the black hole uses gravity to pull.
How does a black hole have the intensity to pull in everything?
A thing to remember: Smaller the size, stronger the gravity.
So when the star is compressed to the size of an atom, the gravity is stronger than imaginable. The gravitational force is very strong that even light cannot escape from the black hole.
Anatomy of a Black Hole:
- Outer Event Horizon
- Inner Event Horizon
- Singularity
Outer Event Horizon – It is the outer layer of a black hole and the chances of escaping from the outer event horizon is possible.
Inner Event Horizon - It is the inner layer of a black hole and the chances of escaping from the inner event horizon is minimal, even if something escapes from the outer event horizon.
Singularity – It is the core of a black hole and escaping singularity is not possible. But what lies beyond Singularity is unknown and not have been explored till date.
So what would happen is someone falls into a black hole?
Though it is very theoretical, the very obvious answer is that you are going to die. But what actually happens once you have reached Singularity?
See the picture of evolution of galaxies from big bang.
Consider the black hole is somewhere in the galaxy and the only possible thing that could happen is you would be catapulted to somewhere in the space but with the spacesuit you would survive until you run out of oxygen. Imagine you are squirted out from Singularity with your spacesuit on and you have ample amount of oxygen to survive for few days. You would be floating in somewhere in the space.
What if you run out of oxygen or you survive Singularity without a spacesuit?
The most serious dangers of exposure to outer space are a lack of oxygen and ebullism. Ebullism is the formation of bubbles in body fluids due to a reduction in ambient pressure. The pressure in the vacuum of space is so low that the boiling point of the fluids in your body decreases below the body’s normal temperature (37oC), which results in the formation of gas bubbles in your fluids that can really mess you up. You’ll swell up pretty bad, perhaps even up to twice your normal size, but you won’t explode as your skin is very stretchy. Your blood will also not boil. You will, of course, be in an immense amount of pain and your blood circulation will be impeded.
As mentioned, the other serious danger is a lack of oxygen. After around 15 seconds, your body would have used up all of the oxygen in your body and you’d lose consciousness. Some of you may be thinking “But I can hold my breath for minutes!” The situation in space is a little different than here on Earth due to the lack of outside pressure, and if you held your breath in space without a suit you’d be in a big trouble. This is because any remaining air would rapidly expand, rupturing the lungs.
After losing consciousness, you’ll probably last a couple of minutes maximum before you die. Of course, there’s all that nasty UV from the Sun which is going to give you horrific sunburn. UV and other high energy photons (X-rays and gamma radiation) would also damage the heck out of your DNA, leading to mutations that would likely cause cancer (if you survived). It’s also typically extremely cold, but you wouldn’t instantly freeze as the vacuum would cause heat to transfer away from the body very slowly. Source
See also
- Outline of black holes
- List of nearest black holes
- Black brane
- Black hole complementarity
- Black hole starship
- Black holes in fiction
- Black string
- BTZ black hole
- Dumb hole
- General relativity
- Kugelblitz (astrophysics)
- List of black holes
- Susskind-Hawking battle
- Timeline of black hole physics
- White hole
- Wormhole
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